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| Jewish Heritage Revival One Heritage United by Messiah Feast of Trumpets - Our Lords Return!!! Past articles have explored the significance of God's Feasts (Passover, Unleavened Bread, First Fruits and Feast of Weeks (Pentecost) and our Messiah's fulfillment of these Feasts during His first time with us on earth. Our Messiah tells us that He will return... "Let not your heart be troubled: you believe in God, believe also in me. In my Father's house are many mansions: if it were not so, I would not have told you. I go to prepare a place for you. And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again and receive, and receive you unto myself; that where I am, you may be also." John 14:1 - 3 God's messenger also tells us He will return.. "And while they looked stedfastly toward heaven as He went up, behold, two men stood by them in white apparel; which also said: 'You men of Galilee, why do you stand gazing up into heaven? This same Yeshua, which is taken up from you into heaven, shall so come in like manner as you have seen him go into heaven.'" Acts 1:10 - 11 Just as God had created these former Feasts to foretell of our Messiah's death, burial, resurrection, along with the giving of His Spirit as our comforter, so to do the latter Feasts tell of our Messiah's second coming. Our journey continues through God's Feasts, as we will now explore the Feast of Trumpets from an historical perspective, both biblical and current Jewish tradition as it is celebrated today. We will also explore the future prophetical significance of this Feast as it relates for all, believers and non-believers, because His return will affect everyone. When looking at this Feast, we must take into account a significant event in Jewish history...that being the destruction of the second temple in 70 AD. Without the temple, the center of Judaism, radical changes would occur. These changes would not only affect the future of the Jewish people, but also their ability to honor God's commandments, including His Feasts. It is important that when reading and understanding scripture that the proper context is applied. For many centuries, the hebraic context has been left out of scripture, therefore the true understanding, as it was intended by its author (God) and scribes (Prophets and Apostles) has either been changed or misunderstood. This article will put back into context the origins of the church, so that God's Word is interpreted in the manner intended. Historical Biblical Account The Feast of Trumpets is first given to Moses and the nation of Israel while in the desert at Sinai: "And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, 'Speak to the children of Israel, saying: In the seventh month, in the first day of the month, shall you have a Sabbath, a memorial of blowing trumpets (shofars), an holy convocation. You shall not work at your occupations; and you shall bring an offering by fire to the Lord.'" Leviticus 23:23 - 25 The Feast is later referenced in Numbers 29; "And in the seventh month, on the first day of the month, you shall have an holy convocation; you shall do no servile work: it is a day of blowing the trumpets unto you." v 1 And is known as Zikhron Teruah, meaning "Memorial blowing (of trumpets / shofars) referenced by Leviticus 23:24 and Yom Teruah meaning "Day of blowing (of trumpets / shofars) as referenced by Numbers 29:1 It is at this time, in the wilderness that the nation of Israel first celebrates this Feast. The celebration of this Feast is continued in Numbers: The Feast of Trumpets is first given to Moses and the nation of Israel while in the desert at Sinai: "And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, 'Speak to the children of Israel, saying: In the seventh month, in the first day of the month, shall you have a Sabbath, a memorial of blowing trumpets (shofars), an holy convocation. You shall not work at your occupations; and you shall bring an offering by fire to the Lord.'" Leviticus 23:23 - 25 The Feast is later referenced in Numbers 29; "And in the seventh month, on the first day of the month, you shall have an holy convocation; you shall do no servile work: it is a day of blowing the trumpets unto you." v 1 And is known as Zikhron Teruah, meaning "Memorial blowing (of trumpets / shofars) referenced by Leviticus 23:24 and Yom Teruah meaning "Day of blowing (of trumpets / shofars) as referenced by Numbers 29:1 It is at this time, in the wilderness that the nation of Israel first celebrates this Feast. The celebration of this Feast is continued in Numbers 29:1 - 40: This Feast, begins the fall Feasts that are considered to be the holiest time of the year - ten days after this Feast would be Yom Kippur followed five days later by the Feast of Tabernacles. More on that later. Current Celebration of Rosh Hashanah The Feast of Trumpets is today known as Rosh Hashanah...meaning "Head of the Year" Today it is known as the "civil new year" (Passover being the religious new year). The assimilation of Trumpets becoming the new year occurred as a result of the destruction of the Temple in 70 AD. (Both the Feast of Trumpets and Israel's civil new year were separate celebrations) Without the ability to offer and therefore perform the sacrifices required by God for this Feast, a national crisis was taking place. How do we continue to keep this Feast as God has commanded in His Word without the temple? The remaining rabbis of the time expanded the liturgy of the synagogue, suggested new traditions and shifted the emphasis of this holy day for a people that were without a home and without a Temple. What was done was out of necessity and for survival. Gone from the current celebration are the sacrifices, as required in Torah. What current Judaism doesn't recognize is that our Messiah has fulfilled the entire sacrificial system as found in Leviticus chapters 1 - 7, and more specifically the requirements for this Feast in Numbers 29:2 - 6. What is missing from current Judaism is our Messiah, our one and final atonement. Rosh Hashanah (Feast of Trumpets) begins what are known as the High Holy Days. A time whereby the latter Feasts, including Yom Kippur and Sukkot (Feast of Tabernacles) are celebrated. The period of time from Rosh Hashanah until Yom Kippur is known as the Days of Awe, a period of 10 days. During this period of time, tradition holds that on the Feast of Trumpets, the books are opened and a period of divine judgment is rendered to determine if a person will continue to live or will die in the coming year. Tradition holds that there are three books. 1. The book of life for the wicked 2. The book of life for the good (righteous) 3. The book of life for the in between Tradition holds that every name is written in one of these books, based on there deeds of the past year. This 10 day period is considered to be a time of reflection and a final opportunity for repentance of one's past transgressions, before God's final judgment is sealed on Yom Kippur, for the upcoming year. Those written in the book of the wicked will have their lives cut short in the upcoming year. Their judgment is final. Those who are written in the book of the righteous, will be granted another year of life and prosperity from our Lord. The fate of the remaining people who are neither written in the book of the righteous nor the book of the wicked must wait until Yom Kippur for their decision. If there is sincere repentance during the Days of Awe, it is believed that those people will be granted life by God until the following Yom Kippur. As believers, you will notice that Jewish tradition without Messiah has only one part of the equation, that being repentance. However, without a blood sacrifice, there is no remission of sin as stated in Leviticus 17:11: "For the life of the flesh is in the blood, and I have assigned it to you for making atonement for your lives upon the altar, it is the blood, as life that effects atonement." Our Messiah is that blood sacrifice. The book of life is mentioned by Moses and David: "Now, if You will forgive their sin (well and good); but if not, erase me from the book which you have written. But the Lord said to Moses, He who has sinned against Me, him only will I erase from my book." Exodus 32:32 - 33 "Add iniquity to their iniquity: and let them not come into your righteousness. Let them be blotted out of the book of living, and not be written with the righteous." Psalm 69:27 - 28 In keeping with Jewish tradition, Revelation 20:12 recounts the books being opened for a final time. "And I saw the dead, small and great standing before God, and the books were opened: and another book was opened, which is the book of life: and the dead were judged out of those things which were written in the books, according to their works." Note - Believers in Messiah will not be judged during this time. More on that when we look at the prophetical significance of this Feast. For those whose name is written in the book of life for the righteous, another year has been mercifully granted by the Lord. Also during this Feast, there is what is known as Tashlikh, a casting off ceremony. This ceremony symbolizes self purification and the shedding of our sins. After morning service of Rosh Hashanah, typically in the afternoon, members of the congregation will gather near a body of water, such as an ocean, lake or river where they will recite the Tashlikh prayer Its name comes from Micah 7:19 (read below). The prayer consists of the following scriptures, in order:
After the prayers are recited, the worshippers will empty their pockets or cast bread crumbs into the water as a symbol, of the removal of sin, to be carried away, never to be remembered again. One other tradition that occurs during Rosh Hashanah is the dipping of apples in to honey and eating them. This represents the desire for sweetness in the year to come.
The Trumpet The shofar is significant in both the biblical account and current celebration of this Feast. There are primarily four circumstances whereby the trumpet (shofar) would be sounded... 1. A call to assembly for such things as a Feast. "Have two silver trumpets (chatsotsrah) made; make them of hammered work. They shall serve you to summon the community and to set the divisions in motion. When both are blown in long blasts, the whole community shall assemble before you at the entrance of the tabernacle of the congregation, and if only one is blown, the chieftains, heads of Israel's contingents, shall assemble before you." Numbers 10:2 - 4 Note: The Hebrew word for trumpet in this passage is not shofar (curved) but rather chatsotsrah (straight metal trumpet). 2. A call to arms for preparation in battle. "When you are at war, in your land against an aggressor who attacks you, you shall sound short blasts on the trumpets, that you may be remembered before the Lord your God and be delivered from your enemies." Numbers 10:9 3. During a Feast. "And on your joyous occasions - your fixed Feasts and new moon days - you shall sound the trumpets over your burnt offerings and your sacrifices of well being. They shall be a reminder of you before your God: I, the Lord am your God." Numbers 10:10 4. Coronation of a new King. This isn't found in Torah, but is later instituted when Israel begins its monarchy period. "Let the priest Zadok and the prophet Nathan anoint him there king over Israel, whereupon you shall sound the horn and shout "long live King Solomon"" 1 Kings 1:34 Other documented coronations would occur for Jehu (2 Kings 9:13); Joash (2 Kings 11:12-14) and Absalom (2 Samuel 15:10) 5. Year of Jubilee "And you shall number seven Sabbaths of years unto you, seven times seven years; and the space of the seven Sabbath years shall be unto you forty nine years. Then shall you cause the trumpet of jubilee to sound on the tenth day of the seventh month, in the day of atonement shall you make the trumpet sound throughout all your land. And you shall allow the fiftieth year, and proclaim liberty throughout all the land unto all the inhabitants thereof: it shall be a jubilee unto you; and you shall return every man unto his possessions, and you shall return every man unto his family." Leviticus 25: 8 - 10 More on this in our next article on the Feast of Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement). Even our recent history of this generation offers us an example of God's sovereignty over the Jewish people when in June of 1967, the nation of Israel, not even 20 years regathered, was fully consumed with the task of protecting their land, while surrounded by their enemies and out numbered in soldiers 50 to 1. Israel not only defeated their enormous enemy but the war itself lasted only 6 days. The shofar was sounded by Chief Rabbi Shlomo Goren after the victory that included the restoration of East Jerusalem to Jewish control, thus uniting all of Jerusalem. What are the notes sounded during the Feast of Trumpets?
There is no actual Biblical account as to how the shofar is to be sounded. It wasn't until after the destruction of the Temple in 70 AD that the remaining rabbis would determine the type and order of the notes sounded. During this Feast of Trumpets, whether in a Messianic synagogue or one that doesn't recognize Yeshua as Messiah, the shofar will be sounded. The notes listed above will be sounded, in the order they are listed. You will also likely hear the shofar sounded, calling the congregation to assembly so the service may begin. Each time I have heard the shofar sounded, since being a believer in Messiah, the last note - Tekiah Gedolah, the feelings that come when you not only hear the last blast, but also feel the vibration from this final blast is what I envision God's last trumpet being. Two of the notes actually offer biblical origin, found in Numbers 10:1 - 8 This is the only Feast actually celebrated during the new moon. As you will notice from the prophetic return of our Messiah, scripture states that the sky will be dark...hence a new moon. More on that later. You may recount from our previous articles that the other Feasts are celebrated during the middle of the month, when the moon is full.
Prophetic Meaning of the Feast of Trumpets Our Messiah has shown us in the past that God's Feasts given to Israel have prophetic meaning. We have seen his death, burial and resurrection through the former Feasts - Passover, Unleavened Bread and First Fruits. We have seen the giving of His law and the birth of the church during the Feast of Weeks (Pentecost). We first hear of our Messiah's pending return when during the beginning of His ministry, while in Nazareth, He quotes the prophet Isaiah as accounted in Luke 4:16 - 20 (King James Translation): "And He came to Nazareth, where He had been brought up: and, as his custom was, He went into the synagogue on the Sabbath day, and stood up and read. And there was delivered unto Him the book of the prophet Isaiah. And when He had opened the book, He found the place where it was written, "The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because He has anointed me to preach the gospel to the poor, He has sent me to heal the brokenhearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, and recover the sight to the blind, to set at liberty them that are bruised. To preach the acceptable year of the Lord." And He closed the book and He gave it again to the minister, and sat down. And the eyes of all them that were in the synagogue were fastened on Him. And He began to say to them, This day is this scripture fulfilled in your ears. Now, looking at the full passage in Isaiah 61:1 - 3 (Jewish Study Bible Translation): "The Spirit of the Lord God is upon me, Because the Lord has anointed me: He has sent me as a herald of joy to the humble, to bind up the wounded of heart, To proclaim release to the captives, Liberation to the imprisoned; To proclaim a year of the Lord's favor and a day of vindication by our God to comfort all who mourn, to provide for the mourners in Zion - to give them a fancy head dress instead of ashes, the festive ointment instead of mourning, a garment of splendor instead of a drooping spirit. They shall be called trees of righteousness, planted by the Lord for His glory." Notice where our Messiah leaves off when He is reading Isaiah. He specifically stops in mid sentence between "to proclaim a year of the Lord's favor" indicating the intent of His first coming, having fulfilled this portion of Isaiah. The second part is clearly meant for His return. "a day of vindication by our God..." The prophets continually warned of the coming day of the Lord to be Israel's dark day of judgment. A time in which our Lord would pour out His judgment upon the enemies of Israel and Israel herself, bringing her into the new covenant He proclaimed through Jeremiah: "See, a time is coming - declares the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the House of Israel and the House of Judah. It will not be like the covenant I made with their fathers, when I took them by the hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt, a covenant which they broke, though I espoused them, declares the Lord. But such is the covenant I will make with the House of Israel after these days, declares the Lord: I will put My teaching into their innermost being and inscribe it upon their hearts. Then I will be their God, and they shall be My people. No longer will they need to teach one another and say to one another, "Heed the Lord"; for all of them, from the least of them to the greatest, shall heed Me, declares the Lord." Jeremiah 31:31 - 34 This impending dark day is told of by: "Before the great and terrible day of the Lord comes, I will set portents in the sky and on the earth: Blood and fire and pillars of smoke; the sun shall turn into darkness and the moon into blood. But everyone who invokes the name of the Lord shall escape; for there shall be a remnant of Mount Zion and in Jerusalem, as the Lord promised. Anyone who invokes the Lord will be among the survivors." Joel 2:30 - 31 "Ah, you who wish for the day of the Lord! Why should you want the day of the Lord? It shall be darkness, not light! As if a man should run from a lion and be attacked by a bear; Or if he got indoors, should lean his hand on the wall and be bitten by a snake! Surely the day of the Lord shall be not light but darkness, blackest night without a glimmer." Amos 5:18 - 20 "The great day of the Lord is approaching, approaching most swiftly. Hark, the day of the Lord! It is bitter: There a warrior shrieks! That day shall be a day of wrath, A day of trouble and distress, A day of darkness and deep gloom, A day of densest clouds, A day of horn blasts and alarms against fortified towns and the lofty corner towers. I will bring distress on the people, and they shall walk like blind men, because they sinned against the Lord; Their blood shall be spilled like dust, and their fat like dung. Moreover, their silver and gold shall not avail to save them. On the day of the Lord's wrath, in the fire of His passion, the whole land shall be consumed; for He will make a terrible end of all who dwell in the land." Zephaniah 1:14 - 18 Notice what Paul writes to believers at Thessalonica: "...and to wait for His Son from heaven, whom He raised from the dead, even Jesus who delivers us from the wrath to come." 1 Thessalonians 1:10 "For God has not appointed us to wrath, but to obtain salvation by our Messiah." 1 Thessalonians 5:9 Our Messiah tells us: "If any man will come after me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross and follow Me." Matthew 16:24 What many miss in this statement is the context for which our Messiah describes the cross. Let us remember who He was talking to and at what period of time in the history of this world He was speaking. His audience was the southern kingdom of Judea, a people who had been persecuted throughout the centuries by world powers. (previously the Greek emperor Antiochus Epiphanes through the Caesars of the Roman empire) Crucifixion was a common method of death throughout this time. Therefore, when our Messiah spoke of the cross to Israel, they were very aware of the symbolism - excruciating pain and suffering, not to mention the torment inflicted by those who were administering this punishment that would ultimately lead to one's death. Envision the gates of Jerusalem. As you are leaving the city, lining the paths are a multitude of crosses on either side set there specifically by the Romans as a reminder to the Jewish people of their rule over them. People that would walk on these roads witnessed first hand the treacherous results of this method of punishment. Many thousands of Jewish people were put to death by these empires through crucifixion. Therefore when He tells us to pick up our cross and follow Him, it is not referring to what we consider our cross to be, but as a believer, we are to be prepared for pain, suffering and the possibility of death, because of what we believe and whom we follow. The impending wrath that will be poured out upon this earth is not meant for us who are already believers and followers of our Messiah. What many fail to see is that we are not going to receive God's wrath, but it says nothing of the suffering believers will face during this period of sorrows and great tribulation that our Messiah talks about in Matthew 24. His disciples asked Him about the signs of His coming and the end of the world. (v3) Our Messiah first warns his disciples, "take heed that no man deceives you". (v4) before He even begins an answer to their question. Our Messiah first states that they shall hear of wars, rumors of wars...which are the beginning of sorrows. (v 6 - 8) He then lists many things that will happen, but warns those that are with Him, this is not the end and those that endure till the end shall be saved. (v 13) After the abomination of desolation stands in the holy place (The rebuilt temple in Jerusalem) then there shall be "great tribulation" (v.15 - v.21) Based on what our Messiah has told His disciples, we will go through a period of sorrows and great tribulation. He further encourages us that those who endure until the end will be saved. Now we look at what He tells His disciples will happen after the tribulation: "Immediately after the tribulation of those days shall the sun be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light, and the stars shall fall from heaven, and the powers of the heavens shall be shaken: And then shall appear the sign of the Son of man in heaven: and then shall all the tribes of the earth mourn, and they shall see the Son of man coming in the clouds of heaven with power and great glory. And He shall send His angels with a great sound of a trumpet, and they shall gather together His elect from the four winds, from one end of heaven to another." (v 29 - v 31) (The full account of Matthew 24 can be viewed through the link) What our Messiah tells us does not line up with what is a very common and taken for granted belief in a "pre tribulation" rapture of the church. Even though there are scriptures that can support this theory, when you take the further words spoken of by our Messiah and the words written by the Prophets, this theory is wishful thinking on the parts of those who prescribe to it. Our Messiah's return will occur during the Feast of Trumpets. What year, no one knows. What hour, no one knows. He tells us that it will be as a thief in the night: "Watch therefore: for you know not what hour your Lord does come. But know this that if the goodman of the house had known in what watch the thief would come, he would have watched, and would not have suffered his house to be broken in. Therefore you also be ready: for in such an hour as you think not the Son of man comes." Matthew 24:42 - 44 In addition to His return, Jewish tradition holds that on Rosh Hashanah, the resurrection of the righteous would also occur. The following scriptures will put all the pieces together. We read the accounts of Paul to believers at Corinth and Thessalonica regarding the impending day of the Lord and His return. "Behold, I show you a mystery; We shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed, In a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trump, for the trumpet shall sound, and the dead shall be raised incorruptible, and we shall be changed, for this corruptible must put on incorruption, and this mortal must put on immortal." 1 Corinthians 15:51 - 53 "But I would not have you to be ignorant, brethren, concerning them which are asleep, that you sorrow not even as others have no hope. For if we believe that Yeshua died and rose again, even so them also which sleep in Yeshua will God bring with him. For this we say unto you by the word of the Lord, that we which are alive and remain unto the coming of the Lord shall not precede them which are asleep. For the Lord himself shall descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trump of God: and the dead in Messiah shall rise first: Then we which are alive and remain shall be caught up together with them in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air: and so shall we ever be with the Lord. Wherefore comfort one another with these words." 1 Thessalonians 4:13 - 18 Now let us take a further look at the scripture in Revelation that is construed as the "last trumpet". "And the seventh angel sounded; and there were great voices in heaven, saying, The kingdoms of this world are become the kingdoms of our Lord, and of his Messiah; and he shall reign for ever and ever. And the four and twenty elders, which sat before God on their seats, fell upon their faces, and worshipped God, Saying, We give you thanks, O Lord God Almighty, which are and was and are to come; because you have taken to you your great power and have reigned. And the nations were angry, and your wrath is come, and the time of the dead, that they should be judged, and that you should give reward to your servants the prophets, and to the saints, and them that fear your name, small and great; and should destroy them which destroys the earth. And the temple of God was opened in heaven, and there was seen in His temple the ark of His testament: and there were lightnings, and voices, and thunderings, and an earthquake, and great hail. " Revelation 11:15 - 19 Look at Revelation 10:7: "But in the days of the voice of the seventh angel, when he shall begin to sound, the mystery of God should be finished, as He has declared to His servants and prophets." Now, let us take a closer look at the passage from Revelation 11 and apply what we know regarding this Feast and the significance of the trumpet. 1. A coronation of the King - Our Lord. "The kingdoms of this world are become the kingdoms of our Lord, and of his Messiah; and he shall reign for ever and ever." 2. An assembly - in this case it is the gathering together of believers for the judgment of the those who are the dead in Messiah (the resurrection) along with those who are alive on earth. Note specifically the term reward (crowns). This will be the time when we are judged as believers: "and the time of the dead, that they should be judged, and that you should give reward to your servants the prophets, and to the saints, and them that fear your name, small and great;" 3. A call to arms for preparation in battle against this fallen world and its prince - Satan. The time will begin when God pours out His wrath upon this world. This will also mark the end of man's rebellion against God. "and should destroy them which destroys the earth." Notice also the following: "And the temple of God was opened in heaven, and there was seen in His temple the ark of His testament:" The temple of God is open!!! If you remember, the temple is where sacrifices were performed for the covering of sin on a yearly basis. For those who think that when one dies they go directly to heaven or hell are misinformed. That is an article for another time. Imagine the following scenario - One year during the Feast of Trumpets celebration in Jerusalem, when the final trumpet note (Tekiah Gedolah) for that celebration sounds, while at the same time the seventh and final trumpet is sounded in heaven, and out of the eastern sky we see our Messiah returning. (Please note that I am in no way predicting that our Messiah's return will specifically occur in this manner, but that it is possible) Our Messiah has told us that when Israel becomes a nation again, as told by the parable of the fig tree, this generation shall be witness to these things. Are you prepared to be a witness to our Messiah's return? There is only ONE Feast of God that occurs during darkness...The Feast of Trumpets. Based on God's plan, this is the only time when our Messiah will return. Conclusion I am fairly certain that there will be many who will not believe what has been written, because it is contrary to the common teachings of today. The pre-tribulation theory is so widely taught that it is accepted by many within the church, without any second thoughts. Our enemy wants to distract God's people and lull them into a false sense of security. Hopefully this article will urge you to remain prepared rather than complacent. Our Messiah warns us through His own Word and by teaching through parables to be prepared. We urged everyone in one of our past articles entitled When? not to be complacent, but to be aware of the signs our Messiah told us about and to not be deceived. Remember we are warned about many false prophets (Matthew 7:15, 24:11 & 24:24) and many will be deceived (Matthew 24:4, 24:5, 24:11 & 24:24) I pray earnestly for you that you are not one of them who are deceived. What do we know?
Ultimately, no one knows the hour, the day of the week or the year in which our Messiah will return. However, God's Word has provided us with a map as to how and approximately when He will return. It will be at the time of this Feast, at the last trumpet when He will appear out of the east for the entire world to see. I pray that you will keep your eyes on Israel and allow God's Holy Spirit to guide you and help you discern what is truth and what is deception. Beware of false teachings from within the church. Beware of false prophets within the church.
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